The Court finds that the 1964 law barring "sex discrimination" includes discrimination based on sexual orientation or transgender status.   Roberts and Gorsuch joined the more liberal justices on this–I haven't had a chance to read the decision, but they are textualists in matters of statutory interpretation, so were no doubt persuaded that what members of Congree in 1964 thought about gay people was not the issue, and that discriminating against people because, e.g, they are attracted to members of the same sex was pretty clearly discrimination based on sex.