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    The McMaster Department of Philosophy has now put together the following notice commemorating Barry: Barry Allen: A Philosophical Life Barry…

In Memoriam: Sarah (Waterlow) Broadie (1941-2021)

MOVING TO FRONT FROM EVENING OF AUGUST 9–I HAD FORGOTTEN INITIALLY TO OPEN COMMENTS FOR THOSE WHO WISH TO POST REMEMBRANCES AND APPRECIATIONS

The eminent scholar of ancient philosophy has died.  Her colleague at St Andrews, Professor John Haldane, kindly shared this obituary:

It is with sadness that we report the death of our good friend and colleague Sarah Broadie. Sarah had suffered ill health in recent times, most recently being diagnosed with a respiratory condition that largely confined her to her home in St Andrews. She was, however, in good spirits and enjoyed conversation and continuing her work including with the Philosophical Quarterly which she much enjoyed and through which she first came to know Moira with whom she became close friends and who did much to look after her. I was closely involved, partly through the good offices of her stepson the philosopher Alexander Broadie, in her recruitment to St Andrews from Princeton in 2001, prior to that she held positions at Rutgers, Yale, Texas (Austin), and Edinburgh universities.

Sarah’s willingness to leave the US and come to Scotland, where she had held her first post, was due in no small part to her wish for her husband Frederick Broadie to return to the country where he had been recruited by John MacMurray to a lectureship at Edinburgh University. It was there that Sarah met and fell in love with him. In Edinburgh they shared artistic as well as academic company, exemplified by the partnership of George Elder Davie and his novelist wife Elspeth. Sarah was also appreciative of the work of Scottish painters of the period including Anne Redpath.

Frederick recognised Sarah’s brilliance and encouraged her to apply for positions in the US. At the same time, she was very proud of his musical, poetic and intellectual talents and achievements, having left school at 14 and serving in the RAF then going up to Oxford after the war. On his death in 2009 she wrote an obituary of him in which she recorded that in the last years of his working life he studied different aspects of the idea of Divine Creation. it is of interest that in the past decade she herself turned to that topic in its Greek philosophical expression producing a series of papers leading in 2014 to the publication of Nature and Divinity in Plato’s Timaeus.         

Sarah was born into an academic and artistic family with a record of public service. Her father John Conrad Waterlow was a distinguished physiologist and nutritionist and her mother Angela (Gray) a keen painter. Her grandfather Sir Sydney Waterlow once proposed to Virginia Woolf, and his grandfather, the first Sir Sydney, was Lord Mayor of London, MP and donor of Lauderdale House and its estate Waterlow Park to London – ‘a garden for the gardenless’.  John Waterlow studied malnutrition among children, first in Africa and then in the Caribbean, and in 1956 established the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit at the University of the West Indies in Jamaica. In consequence of his fieldwork Sarah spent part of her childhood in the West Indies, later recalling its sounds and colours, and her mother’s depiction of the latter, with affection.

She went to Oxford to study Greats (Classics and Philosophy) as a student at Sommerville College where she encountered Elizabeth Anscombe and Phillipa Foot. Being a serious, though not at all grim thinker herself she had great respect for the sustained intensity of Anscombe’s writings and observed that she thought ‘Elizabeth would not think much of my work”. She had in mind her career in historical scholarship but the doubt was entirely unwarranted. Sarah was both a first class philosopher and a first class historian of Greek thought, the latter in large part because of the first.

She was highly productive publishing very many article and eight books first as Sarah Waterlow: Nature, Change and Agency (1982; Passage and Possibility (1982); then as Sarah Broadie: Ethics with Aristotle, with C. Rowe, (1991); Aristotle: the Nicomachean ethics (2002); Aristotle and Beyond: Essays in Metaphysics and Ethics (2007); Philoponus: On Aristotle Physics 4.10-14 (2011); Nature and Divinity in Plato’s Timaeus (2012); and most recently, published last month, Plato's Sun-Like Good: Dialectic in the Republic (2021).

Sarah was much sought after as a research supervisor and many of her former students have gone on to have distinguished academic careers. She was also greatly valued as a colleague in her various university positions and made strong and lasting friendships. She was among the top scholars in Greek philosophy in the world and was frequently invited to lecture giving her the additional pleasure of foreign travel. She was a prodigious reader of poetry, fiction and biography, and of academic subjects beyond classics and philosophy. She particularly admired a handful of British women writers: Margery Allingham, Elizabeth Bowen, Elizabeth Jane Howard, Hilary Mantel, Iris Murdoch, Muriel Spark, and Elizabeth Taylor.

Sarah’s arrival at St Andrews was welcomed by the philosophers and the classicists with equal enthusiasm. The then Chancellor Sir Kenneth Dover was a great admirer and Sarah was a member of a number of reading and discussion groups including the private Laurentian Club, and Geisters (bringing together senior professors from arts, humanities and divinity) and the Greek Reading Group.

Professor Sarah was a member of several national and international academies: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1990), Royal Society of Edinburgh (2002), British Academy (2003) and Academia Europaea (2006). Among the many acknowledgements of her work and achievements was an Honorary Fellowship of Somerville College, her appointment as OBE for her services to scholarship (2019), and an honorary D.Litt from Edinburgh in 2020.

Most eminent of all Sarah’s talents and virtues were her personal ones. She had a capacity for deep friendship showing affection but without sentimentality or showy display. She respected cultural traditions but had a distaste for shallowness and group thought. She was capacious in her interests, tolerant and open-minded, but also discriminating. She had both a strong sense of justice and a natural charity. She had high standards and was resolute in maintaining them, but also prudent in judgement, discerning of character and situations, and kindly and generous of her time and talents. She will be admiringly and lovingly remembered by colleagues friends and family. Among those she leaves behind are her brothers Richard and Oliver Waterlow and their children, and her step-sons Alexander and Jonathan Broadie and his children.                                                                                                       

John Haldane and Moira Gilruth.

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9 responses to “In Memoriam: Sarah (Waterlow) Broadie (1941-2021)”

  1. Benjamin Harriman

    I didn't know Sarah well but as an early career fellow in Edinburgh I gained a great deal from her participation in our Greek reading group over the last years. What struck me most in these sessions was how unpretentious and democratic she was in these meetings. She must have known that for the rest of the group Aristotle was in a real way her Aristotle. Ethics with Aristotle is the model for how to engage with ancient philosophy as a meaningful companion for questions ancient and modern. Yet she approached the Greek text each time afresh, teasing it out with others as a collaborative enterprise, quietly, carefully, and with constant enthusiasm. One could count on one hand the number of times she referenced her own work. They don't make many like her.

  2. A few months ago, Sarah took part in an online discussion with students at the University of Edinburgh. She was, as one of my fellow students put it in a subsequent email, "pure gold". Modest and kind, she fielded even my ill-informed question about Aristotelian justice with an answer that illuminated so much more than the question even contemplated. I feel privileged to have been able to ask her that question.

  3. I was deeply saddened to learn of Sarah Broadie's death.

    John Haldane is entirely right to say that Sarah came from a family whose members made their mark in a wide variety of fields. I might add, though, that her paternal grandfather, Sir Sydney Waterlow, was rather more than an unsuccessful suitor of Virginia Wolff. He was a distinguished philhellene who served as British Ambassador to Greece for most of the 1930s. My own grandfather was then a junior diplomat in the Athens embassy, and my father remembered Sir Sydney helping him (as a six- or seven year-old) and other embassy children in their efforts to learn (modern) Greek — unusually kind behaviour from an ambassador of that time. When, some sixty-five years later, Sarah was kind to my infant son during a family visit to St Andrews, I took pleasure in reflecting on how the combination of intellectual distinction and personal consideration had been transmitted down the Waterlow generations.

  4. She taught Theaetetus and Sophist in New York 10 or so years ago. Her class changed my life.

  5. A magnificent scholar, and a fine human being. Email among colleagues in Ancient Philosophy has been full of private expressions of sadness, admiration, and gratitude, with anecdotes about her brilliance and her kindness.

  6. I had the great good fortune to have Sally Waterlow (as she was then) as tutor for an individual special topics class on Greek Ethics I took while an undergraduate at Edinburgh University. It was a pure and true pleasure to work through the early Socratic dialogues with her, including the Philebus, as we sat over her office bucket smoking her Sobranie cigarettes. She was the epitome of a philosophy tutor, disagreeing with practically everything I said, just for the sake of it, and at the end graciously granting that I had made a good case for this or that point during the course of our discussion.
    I enjoyed our Socratic exchanges so much that I not only decided to major in philosophy but to make a career of it, given the revelation that one could earn a living out of this pure and true pleasure. She supported my decision and guided me in the direction of Oxford, perhaps a little disappointed that I did not continue with the Greeks. But I never forgot those formative Socratic moments with one of the sharpest philosophers I ever knew, and we used to reminisce when we met up at various colloquia over the years. A great loss to philosophy, I will always remember her well.

  7. I am so grateful to have had Sarah as a teacher and as a colleague in ancient philosophy. I will miss her creative and adventurous thinking, her unpretentious eccentricity, and the dry backhanded compliments– for which she was legendary among my friends. Somehow these never detracted from her warmth and her gift for friendship — and even added to them in certain ways!

  8. Sarah at school was amazingly eccentric, managing officially to avoid games so she could use the art room instead which was unheard of. She was a talented artist, very good at caricatures, with her fingers always covered in black ink. Although a year younger (which matters so much at 13) she fitted in brilliantly. Known as Flo (for Waterlow) she was witty, thoughtful and of course very clever, although not an all rounder. She used to make up doggerel poetry about various teachers, often a bit cruel as children are but oh so funny. I remember a joint project on the French Republic where she mocked up realistic documents and flags. We both did Latin A level but of course she got an A and I got a C although she wasn't much good at maths and chemistry – she broke more test tubes than I did. We shared rooms occasionally, sometimes sleeping in houses outside the school grounds and it was always great fun to chat, debate, giggle and listen to Radio Luxembourg under an eiderdown late at night. Her father was working as a doctor in the Caribbean but her mother came to school events and would take some of us out to tea. Definitely a mother you could talk to. Together with her cousin Philippa and her parents, she had a loving and supportive family. We met up again as a group 50 years after leaving school and despite her eminence she hadn't changed much. I shall miss her a lot.

  9. UK Obituaries

    Daily Telegraph, 30 August 2021

    Sarah Broadie

    Eminent Aristotlian scholar who felt profound truths are best presented in poetic myth

    Sarah Broadie who has died age 79, was a preeminent scholar of Greek philosophy, a fellow of three national academies, holder of professorships at Yale, Princeton and St Andrews, and a member of a distinguished family that included a saviour of malnourished children and the donor of a London Park.

    Sarah Waterlow, as she was when she began her academic career, brought formidable knowledge of Latin and Greek language and literature to the study of the natural philosophy and metaphysics of Aristotle.

    It is commonly said that every philosopher is either an Aristotelian or a Platonist. Sarah Broadie would have said that no one who knows their work could think things were so simple. It was with Aristotle that she began, writing Nature, Change and Agency and Passage and Possibility (both published in 1982).

    His central notion, she argued, was that natural things have an inner essence and that this explains pretty much everything else significant about them.

    In Ethics with Aristotle (1991) she shifted from metaphysics to morality and brilliantly expounded and assessed his ideas about character and conduct. This was followed by a co- authored work, Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics (2007), in which she provided the exegesis and commentary. Both books received admiring reviews from her peers, but the greatest appreciation was that of students across the world who learnt more from her on the subject than from any other recent scholar.

    Her last two books were on Plato: Nature and Divinity in the Timaeus (2012) and Plato’s Sun-like God (2021). Again exemplary both in scholarship and creative interpretation, these showed her openness to the idea that some profound truths are best or only presentable in poetic myths.

    This was also her view of the Abrahamic religions. Raised in a form of notional Anglicanism, she later converted to Judaism under the influence of her much older husband, the philosopher Frederick Broadie, whom she met at Edinburgh University where she held her first academic position. Her conversion was poetic and pragmatic. She appreciated the ancient Hebrew faith but also realised that as a Gentile she could not have been buried alongside him, as she now will be. They were a beloved pair who savoured the literary and artistic life of Edinburgh, and later in America as she took one distinguished position after another – from Texas to New Jersey.

    Sarah Waterlow was born on November 3 1941 in the family home of her mother Angela Gray at Gilhampton, Castle Cary, Somerset. Her father John Cornford Waterlow was a distinguished physiologist whose researches into the causes and character of malnutrition in children in Gambia and the West Indies led to the establishment of the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit in Jamaica. It has been said that his discoveries saved hundred of thousands of lives. His father Sir Sydney, was a classicist, British Ambassador to Egypt and a suitor of Virginia Woolf. His great grandfather, again Sir Sydney, was Lord Mayor of London, MP, and donor of Lauderdale House and 26 acres surrounding it to London as ‘a garden for the gardenless’.

    John Waterlow’s work took the family to the Caribbean, and Sarah was educated at St Andrews High School in Jamaica, then returning to England to attend Sherborne School for Girls where she set herself to the sustained study of classics. She proceeded to Somerville College, Oxford, where she encountered the greatest female philosopher of the 20th century, Elizabeth Anscombe, whose seriousness she admired and sought to emulate.

    After almost two decades at Edinburgh, Sarah Broadie moved to the US, holding in turn professorships at Texas, Yale, Rutgers and Princeton. She returned to Scotland in 2001 to a chair in Moral Philosophy at St Andrews where two years later, on election to the British Academy, she received the further title of Wardlaw Professor.

    Her other fellowships and honours included the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1990), Royal Society of Edinburgh (1992), Academia Europaea (2006), Honorary Fellow Somerville (2018), OBE (2019) and D.Litt Edinburgh (2020).

    Charming, unaffectedly stylish, and kindly, she occasionally cut a forbidding figure, particularly when matters of scholarly standards were at issue. Manifestations of pretension or vacuity were liable to be met with sharp and unmistakable correction, or silence and a quietly paralyzing stare.

    She did not mind misunderstanding, particularly where the issues were difficult; and as a philosopher she was not interested in any that were not difficult. She held, however, that precisely because the discipline is hard it is best avoided by dim or uncreative people, and unfortunately not a few have made their way into it.

    In social settings she was delighted and delightful. She enjoyed company, particularly in sophisticated but fun settings with good food, wine and whisky. In the days before her death she regretfully withdrew from a longed-for evening of musical review at Fingask Castle in the Braes of the Carse in Perthshire. She gave as her recreation in Who’s Who “playing under all nine muses”.

    Sarah Broadie, born November 3 1941, died August 9, 2021

    Times Higher September 2, 2021

    Tributes paid to a ‘top scholar in Greek philosophy’ noted for her ‘strong sense of justice’ and ‘distaste for shallowness and group thought’

    Matthew Reisz

    Sarah Broadie, 1941-2021
    One of the world’s leading authorities on the work of Aristotle and Plato has died.

    Sarah Broadie was born in Wincanton, Somerset on 3 November 1941 and grew up in Gambia and Jamaica as well as in the UK – her father, John Waterlow, having been an expert on malnutrition in children and set up the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit at the University of the West Indies. She studied Greats – Classics and philosophy – at Somerville College, Oxford and always combined interpretation of ancient texts with making her own contribution to philosophical thought.

    After starting her career as a lecturer in philosophy at the University of Edinburgh (1967-84), Professor Broadie spent an extended period in the US. She was professor of philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin (1984-86), Yale University (1987-91), Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey (1991-93) and Princeton University (1993-2001).

    She then returned to Scotland and the University of St Andrews for the rest of her life, where she served as professor of philosophy and, from 2003, also Wardlaw professor. On arrival at the university, she was welcomed by the chancellor, Sir Kenneth Dover – himself a major classical scholar who much admired her work – and invited to join both the private Laurentian Club and the group of senior professors from the arts and humanities known as Geisters.

    A prolific author, Professor Broadie published both Nature, Change and Agency in Aristotle’s Physics (1982) and Passage and Possibility: A Study of Aristotle’s Modal Concepts (1982) under the name of Sarah Waterlow. She followed these up, as Sarah Broadie, with titles including Ethics with Aristotle (1991), Aristotle and Beyond: Essays on Metaphysics and Ethics (2007) and Nature and Divinity in Plato’s Timaeus (2012). Her final book, Plato’s Sun-Like Good: Dialectic in the Republic (2021), appeared in July.

    In a tribute published by the St Andrews department of philosophy, John Haldane, emeritus professor of moral philosophy, and Moira Gilruth, journal manager of The Philosophical Quarterly, describe Professor Broadie as “among the top scholars in Greek philosophy in the world”. They also note her “capacity for deep friendship”, “strong sense of justice and a natural charity”, adding that she “respected cultural traditions but had a distaste for shallowness and group thought”.

    A fellow of the British Academy from 2003 and later vice-president (2006-08), Professor Broadie was also appointed OBE for her services to scholarship (2019). She died on 9 August and is survived by her two stepsons, Alexander Broadie (himself a philosopher) and Jonathan Broadie, as well as the latter’s children.

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